Maxwell
Hundreds of scientists have worked on the theories of heat, heat transfer, thermodynamics and kinetics but James Clerk Maxwell, author of The Theory of Heat and namesake to the Education Studies building at King’s College London, might have contributed the most. His work alone and with other scientists such as Thomas, Boltzmann, Clausius and Joule transformed our understanding of how temperature and heat are related and how we can manipulate these for applications such as industrial chemical processes, Thermos flasks and particle accelerators.
To unlock this achievement in James Clerk Maxwell’s honour you must unlock the following badges
Conduction
Describe how heat energy is transferred by conduction. Include:
- an original diagram
- the key words: kinetic energy, particle(s), vibrate/vibration and collide/collision
- whether or not it takes place in a vacuum
- what state or states of matter it can occur in
- in which state (or states) it’s most effective
- description of particle movement
Convection
To unlock this achievement, describe how heat energy is transferred by convection. Include the following:
- An original diagram
- Whether or not it takes place in a vacuum
- What state or states of matter it can occur in
- In which state (or states) it’s most effective
- Correctly use these scientific terms: kinetic energy, particle(s), vibrate/vibration, dense/density and current
Radiation
Describe how heat energy is transferred by thermal radiation. Include:
- An original diagram of the process
- Whether or not it takes place in a vacuum
- In which state (or states) it’s most effective
- Correctly describe the movement of particles
- Explain colour and the reflective nature of materials affects this type of heat transfer
- The key words: emit, vacuum, wave, particles and absorb
Anti Cooling
Every single object in the universe emits and transfers thermal energy. This isn’t always useful, sometimes we want to keep hot things hot by reduce their cooling rate. Your task is to design a container which will keep a liquid warm by reducing heat transfer from the liquid to the surrounding environment.
You must incorporate features that would reduce heat loss by:
- Conduction
- Convection
- Radiation
- Evaporation
You must justify your original design for this vessel by:
- Explaining the scientific reasons behind why each of the features you have incorporated will reduce the cooling rate of the soup
- Stating which form of heat transfer the feature will reduce
There must also be a labelled diagram of your design or a labelled photograph of your prototype.